Buknade

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Forme of Cury (by Samuel Pegge)
original text from about A.D. 1390

Buknade

—Take hennes other conynges, other veel other other flesch & hewe it to go- bettes, waische it & seeth hit wel, grynd almaundes unblaun- ched & drawe hem up with the broth cast therinne raysouns of coraunce, sugar, poudour ginger, erbes y stewed in grece, oynouns and salt, yf hit is thynne: alye hit up with flour of rys other with other thyng, colour hit with sa- fron and serve hit forth.

Modern English

—Take hens or [rabbits], or veal or other flesh and chop it into chunks (of meat), wash it and boil it well, grind unblanched almonds and draw them up with the broth(,) cast therein currants, sugar, powdered ginger, herbs stewed in grease, onions and salt, if it is thin: thicken it up with rice flour or with another thing, colour it with saffron and serve it forth.

Peys de almayne

15th century cookbook, LAUD MS. 553 (Bodleian library)
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Peys de almayne

—Nym white peson & boille hem / & thanne tak hem vp, & wash hem clene in cold water, fort that ye holys go of: do hem in a clene pot / do water therto that hit be a-wese / let hem sethe vppon̛ colys / that ther be no lye / couere thi pot / that ther go no breth out / whenne hit beth ysode, do hem in a morter & bray hem smal, tempre hem vp with almande milke, & with flour de rys, do therto safron̄ & salt, & boille hit & dresse hit forth.

Modern English

—Take white pease and boil them and then take them up, and wash them clean in cold water, strong that the [“holys” could mean “holes” but could mean “hulls” in this instance] go off [come off]: put them in a clean pot/ put water therein that it be [“a-wese”, “wese” can mean to sweat]/ let them boil upon coals/ that there be no lye/ cover the pot/ that no breath [steam] goes out/ when it is enough, put them in a mortar and crush them small, temper them up with almond milk, and with rice flour, put therein saffron and salt, and boil it and dress it forth.

Saug saraser

15th century cookbook, LAUD MS. 553 (Bodleian library)
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Saug saraser

—Tak Almandes, frye hem in oille, & bray hem, tempre hem with almand mylke & red wyn, & ye thrudde perty shal be sugur / & if hit be noȝt thikke ynow, lie it with amydon̛ or with flour de rys; colour hit with alkinet, boille hit, dresse it, florissℏ hit aboue with pomme-garnet, and ȝif forth.

Modern English

—Take Almonds, fry them in oil, and crush them, temper them with almond milk and red wine, and the third part shall be sugar and if it be not thick enough, lay it with (wheat) starch or rice flour; colour it with alkanet, boil it, dress it, flourish (garnish) it above with pomegranate, and [give] it forth.

Vyannd Ryal

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Forme of Cury (by Samuel Pegge)
original text from about A.D. 1390

Vyannd Ryal

—Take wyne greke, oþer rynysshe wyne and hony clarified þerwith. take flour of rys powdour of Gyngur oþ of peper & canel. oþer flour of canel. powdour of clowes, safroun. sugur cypre. mylberyes, oþer saundres. & medle alle þise togider. boile it and salt it. and loke þat it be stondyng.

Modern English

Royal Dish

—Take Greek wine or Rhenish wine and clarified honey therewith. Take rice flour, powdered ginger, pepper and cinnamon, or powdered cinnamon, powdered cloves, saffron, sugar, mulberries or red sandalwood and mix all these together. Boil it and salt it and see that it is thick/stiff.

Strawberye

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Strawberye

—Take Strawberys, & waysshe hem in tyme of ȝere in gode red wyne; þan strayne þorwe a cloþe, & do hem in a potte with gode Almaunde mylke, a-lay it with Amyndoun oþer with þe flowre of Rys, & make it chargeaunt and lat it boyle, and do þer-in Roysonys of coraunce, Safroun, Pepir, Sugre grete plente, pouder Gyngere, Canel, Galyngale; poynte it with Vynegre, & a lytil whyte grece put þer-to; coloure it with Alkenade, & droppe it a-bowte, plante it with þe graynys of Pome-garnad, & þan serue it forth.

Modern English

Strawberry

—Take strawberries and wash them in time of year (season) in good red wine; then stain through a cloth, and add them to a pot with good almond milk, mix (bind) it with starch other than rice flour, and make it thick and let it boil, and add to this currants, saffron, pepper, plenty of sugar, powdered ginger, cinnamon, galangal; sharpen it (the flavour) with vinegar and add a little white grease; colour it with alkanet, and drop it about (spooned out in portions), plant it with the seed of a pomegranate and serve it forth.

Sturmye

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Sturmye

—Take gode mylke of Almaundys y-drawe with wyne; take porke an hew it Smalle; do it on a Morter, and grynde it ryth smalle; þen caste it in þe same Mylke, & caste it on a potte; take Sawnderys & flowre of Rys; melle hem with þe Mylke, draw hem þorw a straynoure, & caste it in a clene pot, loke þat it be chargeaunt y-now; take Sugre, an putte þer-on, & Hony; do it ouer þe fyre, & let it sethe a gret whyle; sture yt wyl; take Eyroun hard y-soþe, take þe whyte, & hew hem as smalle as þow myȝth, caste hem on þe potte; take Safroune & caste þer-to, with powder Gyngere, Canelle, Galyngale, Clowys, & loke þat þou haue powder y-now; caste it in þe potte, temper it with Vynegre; take Salt & do þer-to, menge hem wylle to-gederys, Make a Siryppe; þe .ij. dele schalle ben wyne, & þe .ij. dele Sugre or hony; boyle it & stere it, & Skeme it clene; þer-on wete þin dyssches, & serue forth.

Modern English

Sturmye

—Take good Almond milk made with wine; take pork and chop it small; put this in a mortar and grind it very small; then cast it into a pot with the almond milk; take saunders and rice flour and mix this with the Almond milk then draw it through a strainer into a clean pot and make sure that it is heavy/thick enough. Add sugar and honey as it cooks and stir as it cooks (boil- cook on the stove top) for a great while. Take hard boiled eggs and chop the whites finely and cast them into the pot; add to this, saffron and powdered ginger, cinnamon, galangal, cloves making sure you have enough powder (referring to the amount of spices?). Temper this with vinegar, add salt and then mix all this well together. Make a syrup of 2 parts wine to two parts sugar or honey and boil and stir it and skim it clean; and wet the dishes thinly with this and serve it forth.

Pumpes

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Pumpes

—Take an sethe a gode gobet of Porke, & noȝt to lene, as tendyr as þou may; þan take hem vppe & choppe hem as smal as þou may; þan take clowes & Maces, & choppe forth with-alle, & Also choppe forth with Roysonys of coraunce; þan take hem & rolle hem as round as þou may, lyke to smale pelettys, a .ij. inches a-bowte, þan ley hem on a dysshe be hem selue; þan make a gode Almaunde mylke, & a lye it with floure of Rys, & lat it boyle wyl, but loke þat it be clene rennyng; & at þe dressoure, ley .v. pompys in a dysshe, & pore þin potage þer-on. An ȝif þou wolt, sette on euery pompe a flos campy flour, & a-boue straw on Sugre y-now, & Maces: & serue hem forth. And sum men make þe pellettys of vele or Beeff, but porke ys beste & fayrest.

Modern English

Pumpes (Meat Balls)

—Take and (boil- cook in liquid over heat) a good chunk of Pork, and not too lean and cook it as tender as you may; then take it out of the liquid and chop it up as small as you like; then take cloves and mace, along with currants, and chop this up with the meat; Then take this and roll it as round as you may, like small balls 2 inches thick, then lay them on a dish by themselves; then make a good almond milk and bind it with rice flour and let it boil a while but make sure it runs clean (that it does not get too thick); And at the dresser, lay 5 "pompys" (meatballs) in a dish and strew enough sugar over this and if you want, set a campion on every "pompe" and strew sugar and mace over this and serve them forth. And some men make the balls of veal or beef, but pork is the best and fairest.

A potage of Roysons

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

A potage of Roysons

—Take Raysonys, & do a-way þe kyrnellys; & take a part of Applys, & do a-way þe corys, & þe pare, (and peel?) & bray hem in a mortere, & temper hem with Almande Mylke, & melle hem with flowre of Rys, þat it be clene chargeaunt, & straw vppe-on pouder of Galyngale & of Gyngere, & serue it forth.

Middle English

A Raisin Pottage

—Take Raisins, and remove the kernals(seeds); and core, peel and crush apples in a mortar, and temper them with almond milk and mix it with rice flour, that it be clean and heavy, and strew on this powder galengal and ginger and serve it forth.

A potage on a Fysdaye

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

A potage on a Fysdaye

—Take an sethe an .ij. or .iij. Applys y-parede, & strayne hem þorw a straynoure, & Flowre of Rys þer-with; þan take þat whyte Wyne, & strayne it with-alle; þan loke þat it be nowt y-bounde to moche with þe Floure of Rys, þan ȝif it a-boyle; þen caste þer-to Saunderys & Safroun, & loke it be marbylle;*. [i.e. variegated. ] þan take Roysonys of corauns, & caste þer-on, & Almaundys y-schredyd þer-on y-nowe; & mynce Datys Smale, & caste þer-on, & a lytil Hony to make it dowcet, or ellys Sugre; þenne caste þer-to Maces & Clowys, Pepir, Canelle, Gyngere, & oþer spycery y-now; þen take Perys, & sethe hem a lytil; þen reke hem on þe colys tyl þey ben tendyr; þan smale schrede hem rounde; & a lytil or þou serue it in, þrow hem on þe potage, & so serue hem in almost flatte, noȝt Fullyche.

Modern English

A Fishday Pottage

—Take and boil 2 or 3 pared apples, and strain them through a strainer with rice flour; then take white wine and strain this with everything; then make sure that there isn't so much rice flour as to make it too thick, then if(when) it boils; then cast into this red sandalwood and saffron and see that it marbles (the red from the saunders and the yellow from the saffron); then take raisins and currants and cast these in along with enough shredded almonds and finely minced dates and a little honey to make it sweet, or else sugar. Then cast in mace, cloves, pepper, cinnamon, ginger and enough other spices. Then take pears and cook them (in water, whole) a little; then rake them on the coals till they are tender; then shred them small and place them on the pottage. The pottage is served/dished almost flat rather than heaped.

Whyte Wortes

Two 15th century cookbooks
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Whyte Wortes
—Take of þe erbys lyke as þou dede for jouutes, and sethe hem in water tyl þey ben neyshe; þanne take hem vp, an bryse hem fayre on a bord, as drye as þow may; þan choppe hem smale, an caste hem on a potte, an ley hem with flowre of Rys; take mylke of almaundys, an cast þer-to, & hony, nowt to moche, þat it be nowt to swete, an safron & salt; an serue it forth ynne, ryȝth for a good potage.

Modern English

White Worts (herbs/vegetables)
—Take the herbs as you did for Joutes and boil them in water until they are softened; then take them up from the liquid and bruise them on a board (having the water/juices run out) and then chop them finely and cast them into a pot with rice flour, almond milk and just enough honey (making sure that it isn't too sweet), and saffron and salt. Serve it forth as for a good pottage.

Oysters in Gravey

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Forme of Cury (by Samuel Pegge)
original text from about A.D. 1390

Oysters in Gravey
-Schyl Oysters and seeþ hem in wyne and in hare own broth. cole the broth thurgh a cloth. take almandes blaunched, grynde hem and drawe hem up with the self broth. & alye it wiþ flour of Rys. and do the oysters þerinne, cast in powdour of gyngur, sugur, macys. seeþ it not to stondyng and serue forth.

Modern English

Oysters in Gravy
-Shell the Oysters and boil them in wine and in their own broth. Strain the broth through a cloth. Take blanched almonds, grind them and draw them up with the broth (from the oysters) and bind it with rice flour and put the oysters therein, cast in powdered ginger, sugar and mace. Boil this not too thickly and serve it forth.

Rede Rose, Prymerose and Flowrys of hawþorn

15th century cookbook
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Rede Rose
—Take þe same, saue a-lye it with þe ȝolkys of eyroun, & forþer-more as vyolet.

Prymerose
—Ryȝth as vyolette.

Flowrys of hawþorn
—In þe same maner as vyolet.

Modern English

Red Rose
—Take the same (red rose petals, pressed, chopped) and bind them with egg yolks and further more as violet (likely sweeten and colour with the liquid from the rose petals)

Primrose
—Right as violet (do the same as for violets)

Hawthorn Flowers
—In the same manner as violet

Vyolette

15th century cookbook
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Vyolette
—Take Flourys of Vyolet, boyle hem, presse hem, bray hem smal, temper hem vppe with Almaunde mylke, or gode Cowe Mylke, a-lye it with Amyndoun or Flowre of Rys; take Sugre y-now, an putte þer-to, or hony in defaute; coloure it with þe same þat þe flowrys be on y-peyntid a-boue.

Modern English

Violet
—Take violet flowers, boil them, press them, bray(chop) them small, temper them with almond milk, or good cows milk, bind it with almond or rice flour; take enough sugar and add this to the mixure, or alternatively, add honey; colour it with the same that the flowers be on painted above. (colour with violets? the flowers themselves would not contain much, if any, colour after the process above, however the juice from pressing violet petals would be rich in colour)

Prymerose

15th century cookbook
Ab. 1420 A.D.

Prymerose
—Take oþer half-pound of Flowre of Rys, .iij. pound of Almaundys, half an vnce of hony & Safroune, & take þe flowre of þe Prymerose, & grynd hem, and temper hem vppe with Mylke of þe Almaundys, & do pouder Gyngere þer-on: boyle it, & plante þin skluce*. [viscous compound? ] with Rosys, & serue forth.

Mosdern English

Primrose
—Take other half-pound of rice flour, 3 pounds of Almonds, hald an ounce of honey and saffron, and take the flour of the primrose and grind them, and temper them up with almond milk and put powder ginger on this and plant thin [sticky/viscous liquid] with roses and serve forth.

Bukkenade

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Forme of Cury (by Samuel Pegge)
original text from about A.D. 1390

Bukkenade
—Take Hennes oþer Conynges oþer Veel oþer oþer Flessh an hewe hem to gobettes waische it and hit well. grynde Almandes unblaunched. and drawe hem up with þe broth cast þer inne raysons of Corance. sugur. Powdour gyngur erbes ystewed in grees. Oynouns and Salt. If it is to to thynne. alye it up with flour of ryse oþer with oþer thyng and colour it with Safroun.

Modern English

Bukkenade (a thick and meaty stew)

—Take hens other (or) Rabbits (or) veal or other flesh and chop it to peices, wash it and hit well (possibly meaning to pound the meat). Grind unblanched almonds and draw them up with the broth, cast therein raisins of curance (dried currants), sugar, powdered ginger, herbs stewed(fried) in grease, onions and salt . If it is too thin, bind/thicken it up with rice flour (or other things) and colour it with saffron

Morree

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Forme of Cury (by Samuel Pegge)
original text from about A.D. 1390

Morree

Take Almandes blaunched, waisshe hem. grynde hem. and temper hem up with rede wyne, and alye hem with flour of Rys. do þerto Pynes yfryed. and colour it with saundres. do þerto powdour fort and powdour douce and salt, messe it forth and flour it with aneys confyt whyte.

Modern English

Morree (a mulberry coloured dish, in this case coloured with red wine and saunders)

Take blanched Almonds, wash them, grind them, and temper them up with red wine, and bind it with rice flour, do thereto (add) fried pine nuts, and colour it with sanders (red sandalwood), add powder fort (strong spices) and powder douce (sweet spices) and salt. Serve it forth and garnish/sprinkle it with white anise comfits.